U. Schumann

Aircraft engine emissions include the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and water vapour, the ozone formation enhancing nitrogen oxides, and soot and sulfuric acid and contrails which impact cloudiness. For long term climatically sustainable growth of aviation, specific fuel consumption might eventually need to be reduced faster than the growth rate of air traffic. In the past, more fuel efficient engines caused NOx emissions to increase at a rate faster than fuel consumption. Soot mass and soot number emissions have been reduced in the past considerably, but may still have a significant impact on atmospheric aerosols and clouds. Fuel sulfur may impact the number of ice particles for sulfur contents larger about 10 µg/g. The largest radiative forcing and climatic impact is expected presently from spreading contrails in ice-supersaturated air masses and potentially from changes in cirrus due to soot and sulfuric acid emissions. Over mid Europe, the additional cover by contrail cirrus is ten times larger than the cover by line-shaped contrails. Contrail cirrus can be avoided by flying outside ice-supersaturated regions, i.e., either lower or higher or around such regions.

CEAS/KATnet Conference on Key Aerodynamic Technologies, Bremen, 2005

Conference Paper

englisch

21,0 x 29,7 cm, 8 Seiten

DGLR-Bericht, 2005, 2005-07, CEAS/KATnet Conference on Key Aerodynamic Technologies - Proceedings; S.1-8; 2005; Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Bonn

NA

in getr. Zählung;

aerodynamics

Bibliothek

2005